How OT Fits Within the NDIS: Understanding Functional Capacity Assessments

Written By Carmen Connelly

Navigating the NDIS can feel overwhelming at times – especially when it comes to assessments, reports, and planning meetings. One of the most common assessments requested by the NDIS is a Functional Capacity Assessment (FCA), and Occupational Therapists (OTs) are well placed to complete these.

What is a Functional Capacity Assessment?

A Functional Capacity Assessment is a detailed evaluation of how a person manages everyday activities in different areas of life. The goal is to understand both strengths and challenges, and to identify the types of supports that will help someone live as independently and meaningfully as possible.

Areas an FCA may cover include:

  • Self-care: daily routines like showering, dressing, cooking, and managing health.

  • Productivity: study, work, volunteering, or caring responsibilities.

  • Leisure: hobbies, social connection, and community participation.

  • Cognition and communication: memory, problem solving, organisation, and interacting with others.

  • Sensory and emotional regulation: understanding and managing sensory needs, stress, and emotions.

The Role of Occupational Therapy in FCAs

Occupational Therapists look at the whole person – not just diagnosis, but how mental health, physical health, environment, and supports interact in daily life. An OT completing an FCA will:

  • Use standardised assessments and structured interviews.

  • Observe how a person manages different tasks.

  • Explore barriers, such as fatigue, sensory sensitivities, or difficulties with planning.

  • Recommend supports, strategies, and services that will enable greater independence and participation.

Why FCAs Matter for the NDIS

NDIS funding decisions are based on evidence. A well-written FCA provides that evidence, linking a person’s functional difficulties directly to their disability and showing why support is needed. This can help participants access or maintain funding for:

  • Support workers

  • Therapy services

  • Assistive technology

  • Skill-building programs

  • Home and community supports

What to Expect During the Process

An FCA usually involves:

  1. Initial discussion – understanding the person’s goals, routines, and challenges.

  2. Assessment sessions – using tools, questionnaires, and observation.

  3. Collaboration – with family members, support workers, or teachers (if appropriate).

  4. Report writing – the OT develops a detailed report for the participant and the NDIS.

  5. Follow-up – recommendations can be used to guide therapy or support planning.

Final Thoughts

Functional Capacity Assessments are a key part of ensuring NDIS participants receive the right supports. Occupational Therapists bring a unique perspective, focusing on meaningful daily activities and what’s needed to live well.

If you or someone you support needs an FCA, or you’d like to learn more about how Occupational Therapy can help within the NDIS, get in touch – we’d be happy to chat.

Carmen Connelly